Estonia Population
Europe & Central Asia · 157th most populous · High income
Population right now (estimate)
1,357,371
The population of Estonia is about 1,357,371 as of 22 October 2026 (estimate), and 1.4 million for 2026 as a whole — 0.02% of the world's people.
Estonia is ranked 157th of 217 by population. The population is shrinking, by about 0.51% a year. It peaked around 1990 at 1.6 million and is projected to fall to 1.2 million by 2050. Since 1960 (1.2 million) it has grown by 12%. Population density is 32 people per square kilometre. 71% of people live in cities (2025).
Population 2026
1.4 million
Yearly change
−0.51%
World rank
157th
Share of world
0.02%
Density
32/km²
Land area
42,730 km²
Life expectancy
79.3 yrs
Births per woman
1.18
GDP per capita
$34,418
GDP
$47.0B
Population of Estonia, 1960–2050
Estonia population by year
| Year | Population | Yearly change | Density (per km²) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 1,211,537 | — | 28 |
| 1970 | 1,360,076 | +1.10% | 32 |
| 1980 | 1,477,219 | +0.61% | 35 |
| 1990 | 1,569,174 | +0.07% | 37 |
| 2000 | 1,396,985 | +0.48% | 33 |
| 2010 | 1,331,475 | −0.23% | 31 |
| 2020 | 1,329,522 | +0.20% | 31 |
| 2024 | 1,372,341 | +0.15% | 32 |
| 2026proj. | 1,359,533 | −0.51% | 32 |
| 2030proj. | 1,331,610 | −0.53% | 31 |
| 2040proj. | 1,262,870 | −0.51% | 30 |
| 2050proj. | 1,199,193 | −0.54% | 28 |
Estonia vs Bangladesh
Bangladesh (178 million) has 131 times as many people as Estonia. Bangladesh is 42.9 times more densely populated.
Estonia population: questions and answers
What is the population of Estonia in 2026?
About 1,359,533 (1.4 million), based on World Bank projections.
Is Estonia's population growing?
No — it is falling by about 0.51% a year (2026).
What is the population density of Estonia?
About 32 people per km², with a land area of 42,730 km².
What will the population of Estonia be in 2050?
About 1.2 million on World Bank projections.
What is the capital of Estonia?
Tallinn.
What is the life expectancy in Estonia?
79.3 years at birth (2024).
Sources: World Bank Open Data — World Development Indicators and Population Estimates and Projections (CC BY 4.0); Wikidata (CC0). Data retrieved 2026-10-22. Live figures are mathematical estimates interpolated between the World Bank's mid-year values, not real-time counts.